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| Location |
Panjab |
| Languages Spoken |
Punjabi, Hindi, English |
| Religion |
Hinduism (74.61%), Sikhism (19.78%),
Others (5.61%) |
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| General Information |
Area
:69.63 sq km
Population :5,10,565
Maximum Temperature
: 42.40°C
Minimum Temperature
: 3.40°C
STD Code :
0172
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If Varanasi symbolizes the spirit of
ancient India, then Chandigarh is its city of ‘today’.
Visitors used to the meandering sprawls and historic
skylines of most old Indian towns are surprised at
the planned layout of Chandigarh and its sleek buildings.
In fact, the city is considered as the Mecca of modern
architecture and planning all over the world.
Ironically, this new city of India was born out of
the partition of the country. A new capital city for
the State of Punjab was required and Chandigarh was
created to serve this purpose, and even more, to be
the symbol of faith and confidence for the resurgent
republic. Today, this is a reality. Chandigarh thrives
as a palpable city of half a million people-proud
of themselves and their duty.
In spite of its modern façades, at heart,
Chandigarh is quite traditional. In fact, it is a
strange mix of the old and the new-perhaps a city
in transition. Amidst the array of slick departmental
stores can be seen the pavement hawkers doing brisk
sales. Small vendors from their ingenious mobile shops
on bicycle backs offer attractive bargains. In the
residential areas, the traditional rehriwallahs (cart
shops) are very popular with the housewives for purchasing
their daily needs. Even the city’s fast-moving
traffic roads are often slowed down by the presence
of a ‘holy cow’ or a buffalo, sitting
right in the center.
A city takes hundreds of years to develop a distinct
personality and character of its own. But Chandigarh,
barely 40 year old-an infant compared to other cities-has
already come of age and assumed an ambience of its
own. Built in the tradition of historic “new
towns” of India like Mandu, Fatehpur Sikri and
Jaipur, Chandigarh too is an act of the faith and
daring.
THE PLANNED CITY
Planned by the famous French architect Le Corbusier,
Chandigarh was conceived as a city of “Sun,
Space and Verdure” to fulfill four basic functions
of living, working, circulation, and care of body
and spirit. The master plan is a checkered mesh of
rectangles called sectors, which are intended to be
self-sufficient neighborhood units, enclosed by fast-moving
traffic roads. In fact, a salient feature of the city
plan is its novel movement system, which has a hierarchy
of streets for different types of traffic. A number
of city parks have been planned for the care of the
body and spirit. The sun-bathed piazzas of the city,
its neat housing clusters and the broad tree-lined
avenues are visible manifestations of the planning
precepts. No wonder Chandigarh is often called the
“City Beautiful” or the “Garden
City”-both fond epithets given to it by its
residents.
Perhaps a major part of the city’s modernity
emanates from the fact that there is a very large
body of youthful student population. The hub of its
activities is the beautiful Panjab University campus
with its impressive red sandstone buildings laid out
amid gardens, water pools, and fountains. The idyllic
campus surroundings inspire academic learning, scholarship
and cultural enrichment. Besides the university, there
are also many other premier institutions of medicine,
engineering, architecture and science located in the
city.
The other dominant species of the city populace is
the Government servant-retired or serving. With the
presence of two State Governments of Punjab and Haryana,
and the third one of Chandigarh Administration, the
city abounds with babus and bureaucrats and clerks
in cars or on cycles.
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| PRIME ATTRACTIONS |
In terms of attractions,
the first thing that comes to mind is the monumental
Capitol Complex, which
dominates the city skyline. Standing aloof, like the
Greek Acropolis, at the foothills of the city, the geometrical
concrete buildings rise from the mounds as giant playful
sculptures. The three major buildings comprising the
Capitol Complex are the Secretariat,
the Assembly, and the
High Court. All the three are interlocked to
one another as part of a subtle visual composition,
delicately balanced and enclosing grandiose spaces.
Between the silhouettes of these magnificent edifices
is juxtaposed the city’s most popular visible
symbol: the Open Hand. Conspicuous as a giant hand in
steel, it rotates free with the whims of the winds from
a high concrete pedestal, conveying the message: “open
to give, open to receive.”
Next to the Capitol Complex, the most important place
to visit is Sector 17,
its sleek shopping area and the city center. Planned
around four pedestrian concourses meeting at a central
Chowk, it is a pedestrian’s paradise, dotted with
fountains, sculptures, and groves of tree. In summer
one can move from one end of the sector to the other
under the shade of a corridor, and in winter it is nice
to be out in the sun-drenched piazzas. In the evenings,
when the colorful mosaic of neon signs and the aesthetically
illuminated fountains come alive, it becomes the city’s
biggest outdoor club. And the people congregate there
for the thrill of the urban rub and the excitement of
its shop-front glitter.
A major feature of Chandigarh is its Leisure
Valley, which, like a garland of gardens, ornaments
the city from one end to the other. A natural eroded
valley of the city site with a small gurgling rivulet
has been now developed into a series of theme gardens.
The most famous of these is the Rose
Garden. The other prominent parks of the city
are the Garden of Tranquility, Garden of Rare Plants,
Garden of Annuals, and the Bougainvillea Garden.
No description of Chandigarh gardens can be complete
without a mention of its most celebrated creations,
The Rock Garden. Spread
over 12 acres of wooded land near the Capitol Complex
of Le Corbusier, it is the creation of a humble former
road inspector: Nek Chand. Turning urban waste material
into creative patterns and textures, his touch transformed
mute rocks into art objects. Mysterious spaces with
stones, rocks and waterfalls recreate the awe and wonder
of primordial nature. This unabashed realm of natural
and manmade creativity attracts people of all age groups,
and from all parts of the world.
Another favorite recreation spot of the nature-loving
people of Chandigarh is the Sukhna
Lake. Created by building an artificial dam on
a seasonal stream, it is spread over a large area. A
two-kilometer-long promenade along the lakeshore is
a popular place for strolling. On any day, early in
the morning, fitness buffs of all age groups can be
seen walking, jogging, and performing yoga or vigorous
exercises at the lakefront.
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| EXCURSIONS |
A visit to Chandigarh is
not complete without a visit to the temple of Goddess
Chandi, which is located in Panchkula,
10 km away from Chandigarh. In fact, the name Chandigarh
is derived from this temple. Nearby is the temple of
Mansa Devi. Both the temples are built in the North
Indian style of architecture. Moreover, there is the
Panchkula Cactus and Succulent Botanical Garden, which
houses over 2,500 varieties of cacti and other succulent
plants from all parts of the world. This is the first
and the only botanical garden where a systematic and
comprehensive collection of Indian species of cacti
is being.
Located on the banks of River Ghaggar, 15 km from the
city, the Chattbir Zoo is an ideal getaway from Chandigarh.
The zoo lies on the Chandigarh-Patiala Road. Besides
these, Pinjore (now Yadavindra Gardens; 20 km), Morni
Hills (45 km), Kasauli (77 km), Chail (107 km), and
Shimla (110 km) are some of the interesting places to
visit around Chandigarh. |
| HOW TO REACH |
By Air
Chandigarh is connected to Delhi (daily) and Amritsar
(bi-weekly) by flights of Indian Airlines. There is
also a weekly flight to Leh from Chandigarh. Jet Airways
has daily flights to Chandigarh from Delhi. The airport
is 11 km away from the main city.
By Rail
The railway station is 7 km away from the city center.
It is well connected to the major cities of India
like Delhi (238 km).
By Road
Chandigarh is well connected by road to almost every
small and big town in northern India.
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