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| Population |
17,74,778 million |
| Area |
22,429-sq-kms |
| Location |
North Eastern Part Of India |
| Capital |
Shillong |
| Tourist Attractions |
Shillong, Caves, Orchids And Wildlife |
| Best Time To Visit |
Round The Year |
| Latitude |
250 and 26.150 |
| Longitude |
89.450 and 92.470 |
| Seven Administrative
Districts |
West Garo Hills, East
Garo Hills, South Garo Hills, West Khasi Hills,
East Khasi Hills, Ri Bhoi and Jaintia Hills. |
| Languages |
Rajasthani, Hindi, Urdu, English,
Sindhi. |
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The
Scotland Of The East
When the Scots first came to the hilly side of Meghalaya
in the North-East of Indian land, met and intermarried
the handsome Khasi people and delighjted in the mists
and deep valleys, they felt very nostalgic. So they
called Shillong, 'The Scotland of the East'.
The pleasant hill station of Shillong, derives its
name from the deity Shillong or "Lei Shillong",
which is worshipped at the Shillong Peak, 10-km from
the main town. This is the highest point in the state
and commands a panoramic view of the valley. In the
evening, the city lights below glitter like a giant
Christmas tree. One of the first places that a newcomer
to Shillong should visit is the Lewduh Bazar. Cheerful
women dominate this market, the largest of its kind
in the Northeast. Oranges, Pineapples and other fruits;
vegetables, meat and Fish are on sale here as are consumer
durables.
The Tribal History
The tribal hill people trace their origins to pre-Aryan
times in India. They accepted nominal British rule in
the 19th century. Included in the state of Assam, the
area received special protection under the Indian constitution.
With the introduction of Assamese as official language,
agitation for autonomy began, and the area was made
a state in 1972. Most of the inhabitants are of Tibeto-Burman
(Garos) or Mon-Khmer (Khasis) origin. The predominately
rural population is mostly Hindu and Christian, with
some Muslims and a few Buddhists also inhabiting the
state.
Female Domination
In Meghalaya, mothers know best. This
is a matrilineal society - property and wealth are passed
through the female rather than the male line. Majority
of the Khasis, (the dominant tribe) are archers, though
agriculture is the main occupation. Crops include rice,
millet, corn (maize), pepper, potatoes, chilies, cotton,
ginger, betel nuts, oranges, mangoes, bananas, pineapples,
and numerous varieties of vegetables. Forests are the
source of commercial wood: teak, bamboo and cane.
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| HANDICRAFT |
The main shopping areas
are Police Bazar, Bara Bazar and Laitumkhrah. At Bara
Bazar one can have an interesting experience of seeing
people of different tribes in colourful traditional
attire. For hand-woven shawls, handicrafts, orange flower
honey and cane work, one can visit the emporia namely
- the Meghalaya Handicrafts, Khadi
Gramodyog and Purabshree.
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Natural
Heaven
Meghalaya is endowed with a rich variety
of beauty in nature. Of the 17,000 species of orchids
in the world, about 1,250 exist in India, of which nearly
300 are found in Meghalaya. The Khasi
hills specially boast of the age-old sacred forests, many
of which are preserved to this day by traditional religious
sanction. The Mawphlang sacred forest, 20-km west of Shillong
represents the pristine glory and wisdom of the elders
of yore in preserving the ecological system.
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| Meghalaya
has a rich wildlife. It is the home of many rare animals
and birds, the best known of them being Elephants, Tigers,
Golden Cats, Binturongs, Slow Loris, Monkeys of different
types and interesting birds including Hornbills, Partridges,
Teals, Snipes and Quails.

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| CLIMATE |
All its charms are made
doubly attractive by its climate; on the whole, cool
and temperate, right round the year. For instance, Cherrapunjee
is known to receive the world's heaviest rainfall, but
most of it in three or four months of the year. Its
climate makes Meghalaya that rare hill-resort-country
that is a pleasure to visit round the year, even in
the middle of winter.
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| FESTIVALS |
| Festive celebrations in Meghalaya
vary according to the region and tribe. Festivals, apart
from those of the Christian faith, are held annually.
This is a time when the ancestral spirits are appeased,
following sowing and harvesting. Ka Pomblang Nongkrem,
or the Nongkrem Dance, is one of the most important Khasi
festivals. Shad Sukmynsiem is another important festival
of the Khasis. Behdiengkhlam, the most significant festival
of the Jaintias is celebrated in July. Wangala, is the
prominent festival of the Garos and is dedicated to the
Sun God.

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